COOPERAÇÃO INTERMUNICIPAL NA FRANÇA E NO BRASIL EM PERSPECTIVA COMPARADA (the inter-municipal cooperation in France and Brazil in comparative perspective)
Abstract
O presente estudo aborda as práticas de
cooperação intermunicipal que se desenvolvem na França e no Brasil.
Argumenta-se sobre a importância do método comparativo em Geografia,
visando-se ampliar a reflexão sobre os entraves e as possibilidades de
ação nas escalas de gestão local em dois modelos de Estados distintos: o
modelo unitário e descentralizado francês e o modelo federal
brasileiro. Em um primeiro momento, discute-se o processo de
descentralização e as diferenças institucionais entre comunas francesas e
municípios brasileiros. A análise se desenvolve nas escalas locais, a
partir de informações reunidas durante a realização de entrevistas de
campo na região Rhône-Alpes (França) e no estado do Rio de Janeiro
(Brasil). Problemáticas que se apresentam nos dois países são enfim
discutidas. O objetivo é o de valorizar o método comparativo,
ampliando-se o debate sobre o fortalecimento das estruturas de gestão
local e as possibilidades de desenvolvimento de práticas de cooperação
intermunicipal em dois modelos de Estado distintos.
Palavras-Chave: Cooperação, Municípios, Território, Descentralização, Comparação.
ABSTRACT
This
text discusses a set of issues concerning the processes of
inter-municipal cooperation developing in France and in Brazil. On
the one hand, it brings back some conclusions explored during the
realization of surveys made in the region of Rhône-Alpes, in France, and
in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. On the other hand, it examines
the influence of the organization of the French and Brazilian States in
order to comprehend the particularities of cooperative practices between
municipalities in both countries. The objective is to valorise the
comparative method, thus expanding the debate about the strengthening of
local management structures and the different possibilities of
inter-municipal cooperation within two distinct State models.
Key words: Cooperation, Municipality, Territory, Decentralization, Comparison.
RÉSUMÉ
Ce
texte porte sur un ensemble de problématiques concernant les processus
de coopération intercommunale qui se développe en France et au Brésil.
D’une part, il s’agit de revenir sur quelques conclusions du terrain
réalisé dans la Région Rhône-Alpes, en France, et dans l’Etat fédéré de
Rio de Janeiro, au Brésil. D’autre part, nous nous interrogeons sur
l’influence des armatures institutionnelles de l’Etat français et de
l’Etat brésilien pour comprendre les particularités de la pratique
coopérative entre communes dans ces deux pays. L’objectif est de
valoriser la méthode comparée dans le débat sur le renforcement des
échelons locaux de gestion et les manières différentes de concevoir la
coopération intercommunale dans deux modèles d’Etat fort
différents.
Mots-clés: Cooperation, Municipes, Territoire, Decentralisation, Comparaison.
DOI:10.4215/RM2011.1023.0002
Keywords
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