CAMBIOS AGROPRODUCTIVOS Y PROBLEMAS AMBIENTALES EN LA CUENCA DEL RÍO QUEQUÉN GRANDE (PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA)
Resumo
Las actividades agroproductivas en Argentina, dirigidas
principalmente por los mercados externos, generan transformaciones que
causan impactos ambientales considerables. El estudio de la
problemática, exige la elaboración de diagnósticos geográficos que
permitan elaborar estrategias para gestionar los conflictos. Dado su
carácter sistémico, las cuencas hidrográficas conforman el ámbito más
apropiado para realizar estos estudios. El presente trabajo analiza los
cambios agroproductivos de una cuenca localizada al sur y centro de la
provincia de Buenos Aires (Cuenca del río Quequén Grande) en 1998 (año
húmedo) y 2008 (año seco), enunciando sus principales consecuencias
ambientales y posibles alternativas de ordenamiento y gestión de sus
recursos. Para ello se revisaron antecedentes, se procesaron imágenes de
satélite, se realizaron campañas de campo y entrevistas a informantes.
Los usos agrícolas se incrementaron un 10,7% entre 1998 y 2008, mientras
que los ganaderos se redujeron un 13,7%. El desarrollo de actividades
agrícolas se beneficia por las condiciones climáticas imperantes en
2008, y en aproximadamente el 40% de la Cuenca, donde los suelos poseen
aptitud agrícola-ganadera, se verifica la reconversión de
establecimientos mixtos a netamente agrícolas. Estos cambios agudizaron
algunos problemas ambientales; no obstante ello, se manifiesta en
ciertos sectores el interés por incorporar algunos de los principios de
la agricultura sustentable a las prácticas agrícolas.
Palabras clave: Modelos agroproductivos. Teledetección. Ordenamiento territorial. Prácticas agrícolas.
Agro-productive changes and environmental problems in Quequen´s River Basin (province of Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Agro-productive activities in Argentina, driven mainly by external markets, create transformations that cause significant environmental impacts. The study of this problem requires geographical diagnostics to generate strategies for managing the conflict. Given its systemic nature watersheds are very appropriate for these type of studies. This paper analyzes changes of agricultural production in a watershed located in the province of Buenos Aires (Quequén River Basin) in 1998 (wet year) and 2008 (dry year), stating its main environmental impacts and possible management and planning alternatives of its resources. Satellite imagery was processed and field surveys and interviews with informants were conducted. The agricultural uses increased by 10.7% between 1998 and 2008, while farmers were reduced by 13.7%. The development of agricultural activities benefited from the climatic conditions prevailing in 2008, and in about 40% of the basin, where soils are suitable for agriculture and livestock, we verifyed the conversion of mixed production to purely agricultural establishments. These changes exacerbated environmental problems, although the interest in incorporating some principles of sustainable agricultural practices was manifested in some sectors.
Key Words: Agro-productive models. Remote sensing. Land use. Agricultural practices.
Palabras clave: Modelos agroproductivos. Teledetección. Ordenamiento territorial. Prácticas agrícolas.
Agro-productive changes and environmental problems in Quequen´s River Basin (province of Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Agro-productive activities in Argentina, driven mainly by external markets, create transformations that cause significant environmental impacts. The study of this problem requires geographical diagnostics to generate strategies for managing the conflict. Given its systemic nature watersheds are very appropriate for these type of studies. This paper analyzes changes of agricultural production in a watershed located in the province of Buenos Aires (Quequén River Basin) in 1998 (wet year) and 2008 (dry year), stating its main environmental impacts and possible management and planning alternatives of its resources. Satellite imagery was processed and field surveys and interviews with informants were conducted. The agricultural uses increased by 10.7% between 1998 and 2008, while farmers were reduced by 13.7%. The development of agricultural activities benefited from the climatic conditions prevailing in 2008, and in about 40% of the basin, where soils are suitable for agriculture and livestock, we verifyed the conversion of mixed production to purely agricultural establishments. These changes exacerbated environmental problems, although the interest in incorporating some principles of sustainable agricultural practices was manifested in some sectors.
Key Words: Agro-productive models. Remote sensing. Land use. Agricultural practices.
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