SOYBEAN’S FOOTPRINT IN AMAZONIA: PAST AND CURRENT TRENDS / TRAJETÓRIAS DA SOJA NA AMAZÔNIA: TENDÊNCIAS ANTERIORES E ATUAIS
Resumo
A soja é a segunda mais importante commoditiy de exportação do Brazil, correspondendo a cerca de 10 por cento das exportações em 2014. Este crescimento é notável dado que há 30 anos atrás a produção brasileira era três vezes menor que a dos Estados Unidos, que até então dominava quase todo o mercado global. A ascensão do Brasil culminou em 2015, ocasião em que o país se tornou o maior exportador e produtor de soja do mundo. O sucesso do Brasil é resultado de uma longa jornada que envolveu reformas na política de exportação, oportunidades de mercado e crescimento da demanda global, especialmente da China. No entanto, paralelo ao crescimento das exportações, aumentou também a preocupação com relação aos seus impactos ambientais associados à proliferação da atividade dentro bioma amazônico. Este avanço sobre a maior Floresta tropical do mundo é também surpreendente porque a cultivo de soja até pouco tempo era limitado às regiões de clima temperado. Neste artigo eu analiso a trajetória do desenvolvimento da agricultura de soja no Brasil, como ela se deslocou para o norte e os impactos sociais e ambientais observados na região central da Amazônia.
Palavras-chave: Soja, Amazônia, Brasil
Texto completo:
PDFReferências
“A História Da Soja - APROSOJA/MT.” Accessed September 16, 2016. http://www.aprosoja.com.br/soja-e-milho/a-historia-da-soja.
Alves, Bruno JR, Robert M. Boddey, and Segundo Urquiaga. “The Success of BNF in Soybean in Brazil.” Plant and Soil 252, no. 1 (2003): 1–9.
“APROSOJA/MT.” Accessed January 22, 2017. http://www.aprosoja.com.br/.
Bickel, Ulrike, and Jan Maarten Dros. “The Impacts of Soybean Cultivation on Brazilian Ecosystems.” Three Case Studies, 2003. http://commodityplatform.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2007/09/05_impacts_of_soy_bean_cultivation_on_brazilian_ecosystems3.pdf.
Brown, J. Christopher, Matthew Koeppe, Benjamin Coles, and Kevin P. Price. “Soybean Production and Conversion of Tropical Forest in the Brazilian Amazon: The Case of Vilhena, Rondonia.” AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 34, no. 6 (2005): 462–469.
Canuto, Otaviano, and others. “The Commodity Super Cycle: Is This Time Different?” Economic Premise 150 (2014). http://www.traderiskconsulting.com/s/CS_Commodity-Super-Cycle-0614.pdf.
“Centro de Estudos Avançados Em Economia Aplicada - CEPEA/ESALQ/USP.” Accessed September 17, 2016. http://cepea.esalq.usp.br/soja/.
“Doc275-P64.Pdf.” Accessed January 21, 2017. http://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/82270/1/Doc275-p64.pdf.
“Download Trade Data | UN Comtrade: International Trade Statistics.” Accessed September 17, 2016. http://comtrade.un.org/data/.
“Drought Sensitivity of the Amazon Rainforest | Science.” Accessed September 23, 2016. http://science.sciencemag.org/content/323/5919/1344.full#otherarticles.
“Embrapa Cerrados.” Accessed September 18, 2016. http://www.cpac.embrapa.br/unidade/historia/.
Erten, Bilge, and José Antonio Ocampo. “Super Cycles of Commodity Prices since the Mid-Nineteenth Century.” World Development 44 (2013): 14–30.
“Exchange Rates, Soybean Supply Response, and Deforestation in South America - 1-S2.0-S0959378012000167-Main.Pdf.” Accessed September 26, 2016. http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0959378012000167/1-s2.0-S0959378012000167-main.pdf?_tid=ed67029e-841b-11e6-9871-00000aab0f02&acdnat=1474916796_b9f3de734ce988f08bd289a336d12961.
“Export Sales Query System.” Accessed September 17, 2016. http://apps.fas.usda.gov/esrquery/esrq.aspx.
“FAOSTAT.” Accessed September 17, 2016. http://fenix.fao.org/faostat/beta/en/#home.
Fearnside, Philip M. “Deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia: History, Rates, and Consequences.” Conservation Biology 19, no. 3 (2005): 680–688.
Gallagher, Kevin, and Roberto Porzecanski. The Dragon in the Room: China and the Future of Latin American Industrialization. Stanford university press, 2010. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=WgBh_SvQKJkC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Gallagher+and+Porzecanski+2010&ots=P5zzBs4ee5&sig=YUKIUK9_iGBwhjgVw6iHPfSfdm0.
Helfand, Steven M., and Edward S. Levine. “Farm Size and the Determinants of Productive Efficiency in the Brazilian Center-West.” Agricultural Economics 31, no. 2–3 (2004): 241–249.
Kemper, B., and R. Derpsch. “Results of Studies Made in 1978 and 1979 to Control Erosion by Cover Crops and No-Tillage Techniques in Parańa, Brazil.” Soil and Tillage Research 1 (January 1, 1980): 253–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-1987(80)90028-8.
Morton, Douglas C., Ruth S. DeFries, Yosio E. Shimabukuro, Liana O. Anderson, Egidio Arai, Fernando del Bon Espirito-Santo, Ramon Freitas, and Jeff Morisette. “Cropland Expansion Changes Deforestation Dynamics in the Southern Brazilian Amazon.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103, no. 39 (2006): 14637–14641.
Nepstad, Daniel, David McGrath, Claudia Stickler, Ane Alencar, Andrea Azevedo, Briana Swette, Tathiana Bezerra, et al. “Slowing Amazon Deforestation through Public Policy and Interventions in Beef and Soy Supply Chains.” Science 344, no. 6188 (2014): 1118–1123.
Nepstad, Daniel, Britaldo S. Soares-Filho, Frank Merry, André Lima, Paulo Moutinho, John Carter, Maria Bowman, et al. “The End of Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon.” Science 326, no. 5958 (2009): 1350–1351.
“OEC - Brazil (BRA) Exports, Imports, and Trade Partners.” Accessed September 17, 2016. http://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/bra/.
Peet, J. Richard. “The Spatial Expansion of Commercial Agriculture in the Nineteenth Century: A von Thunen Interpretation.” Economic Geography 45, no. 4 (1969): 283–301.
Press, Stanford University. “The Dragon in the Room: China and the Future of Latin American Industrialization | Kevin P. Gallagher and Roberto Porzecanski.” Accessed September 23, 2016. http://www.sup.org/books/title/?id=20122.
Richards, Peter D., Robert J. Myers, Scott M. Swinton, and Robert T. Walker. “Exchange Rates, Soybean Supply Response, and Deforestation in South America.” Global Environmental Change, Adding Insult to Injury: Climate Change, Social Stratification, and the Inequities of Intervention, 22, no. 2 (May 2012): 454–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.01.004.
Richards, Peter D., Robert T. Walker, and Eugenio Y. Arima. “Spatially Complex Land Change: The Indirect Effect of Brazil’s Agricultural Sector on Land Use in Amazonia.” Global Environmental Change 29 (November 2014): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.06.011.
“Rolf Derpsch: Historical Review.” Accessed September 17, 2016. http://www.rolf-derpsch.com/en/no-till/historical-review/.
Santana, José Carlos Cruz Ramon Costa Alvarenga Joao Herbert Moreira Viana Israel Alexandre Pereira Filho Manoel Ricardo de Albuquerque Filho Derli Prudente. “Plantio Direto.” Accessed January 22, 2017. http://www.agencia.cnptia.embrapa.br/gestor/milho/arvore/CONTAG01_72_59200523355.html.
“Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA.” Accessed September 17, 2016. http://www.sidra.ibge.gov.br/bda/tabela/protabl.asp?c=1612&z=p&o=30&i=P.
“Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA.” Accessed January 22, 2017. https://sidra.ibge.gov.br/Tabela/1612.
“Spatially Complex Land Change: The Indirect Effect of Brazil’s Agricultural Sector on Land Use in Amazonia - 1-S2.0-S0959378014001162-Main.Pdf.” Accessed September 26, 2016. http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0959378014001162/1-s2.0-S0959378014001162-main.pdf?_tid=f72bd228-841b-11e6-b13b-00000aacb35d&acdnat=1474916812_2d4a1480fe8178932a6635b66b0f97bf.
Spehar, Carlos R. “Impact of Strategic Genes in Soybean on Agricultural Development in the Brazilian Tropical Savannahs.” Field Crops Research 41, no. 3 (1995): 141–146.
Tecnologia, Imagenet. “Consultas ao Banco de Dados do Site - Centro de Estudos Avançados em Economia Aplicada - CEPEA-Esalq/USP.” Desenvolvimento de Sites. Accessed January 22, 2017. http://www.cepea.esalq.usp.br/br/consultas-ao-banco-de-dados-do-site.aspx.
The Observatory of Economic Complexity, OEC. “Countries That Export Soybeans (2014).” The Observatory of Economic Complexity. Accessed January 22, 2017. http://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/visualize/tree_map/hs92/export/show/all/1201/2014/.
“Trade Map - List of Importing Markets for the Product Exported by Brazil in 2015.” Accessed September 17, 2016. http://www.trademap.org/Country_SelProductCountry.aspx.
“What Drives Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon? - MITJPSPGC_Rpt16.Pdf.” Accessed September 19, 2016. http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/3633/MITJPSPGC_Rpt16.pdf.
Apontamentos
- Não há apontamentos.
GeoAmazônia. Todos os Direitos Reservados.
Print ISSN: 1980-7759 (impresso)
eISSN: 2358-1778
DOI da Revista GeoAmazônia: 10.17551/2358-1778/geoamazonia
Indexadores: DOAJ - Latindex - Periódicos da CAPES - Crossref - BASE - DRJI -Open Science Directory/EBSCO - Google Acadêmico - Wordcat - Index Corpenicus - Suncat - SUDOC - COPAC - Scilit - ERIH PLUS - REDIB (antigo E-Revista) - EZB - Sumários - Livre - Europub - ZDB - GIGA - CIRC - Openaire - OAJI - Jifactor - Diadorim - MIAR - Citefactor - Journal Factor - Infobase - Biblioteke Virtual - Sindexs - Researchbib - PBN - SHERPA/ROMEO - ZB MED - La Referencia - REBIUN - World WideSciente. Org