IDENTIFICAÇÃO E MAPEAMENTO DAS MATAS SECAS ASSOCIADAS AO CARSTE CARBONÁTICO DE SANTO HIPÓLITO E MONJOLOS (identification and mapping of dry forests associated to carbonate karst of Santo Hipolito and Monjolos)
Abstract
O presente trabalho tem por objetivo identificar e mapear a
ocorrência das matas secas (Florestas Estacionais Deciduais) associadas
aos carbonatos do Grupo Bambuí, na região do carste de Santo Hipólito e
Monjolos - Minas Gerais. A área de estudos situa-se na Depressão
Periférica do São Francisco, próximo à borda oeste da Cordilheira do
Espinhaço. As matas secas carbonáticas geralmente são encontradas nas
áreas de interflúvio da paisagem e sua importância nos ecossistemas
cársticos está associada às zonas de recarga, além da inserção de parte
da biomassa em ambiente endocárstico (cavernícola). São, por isso, de
crucial destaque nos sistemas cársticos. A relevância do estudo na
região faz-se em termos históricos, visto que, no século XIX o
naturalista dinamarquês Peter W. Lund visitou a região. Em termos
biogeográficos a área está localizada na porção do contato entre as
matas secas e os campos rupestres do Espinhaço, fisionomias do bioma
Cerrado. Sua preservação faz-se necessária para reduzir os impactos no
ambiente natural e humano. Para a identificação das matas secas
carbonáticas foram utilizadas imagens do satélite Landsat 5 e também
controle de campo. A metodologia empregada no trabalho fora adaptada
para o carste tropical a partir da proposta de Kokalj e Oštir (2007) que
identificaram através de técnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto os diferentes
usos da terra (inclusive as florestas deciduais [deciduous forest] ) na
região do carste clássico esloveno.
Palavras-chave: Matas Secas, Carste, Santo Hipólito, Monjolos.
ABSTRACT
This
study is planned to identify and map the occurrence of dry forests
(Seasonal Dry Forests or Florestas Estacionais Deciduais) associated
with carbonates of the Bambuí Group in the karst region of Santo
Hipólito and Monjolos - Minas Gerais. The dry forests in carbonates are
typically found at interfluvial landscapes presenting an expressive
importance in the ecosystem especially for being associated with karst
recharge areas, as well as supplying biomass to the endokarst
environment. Therefore, seasonal dry forests are crucial for karst
systems and caves. The historical significance of the mentioned region
is confirmed by the visits of the Danish naturalist Peter W. Lund in the
nineteenth century. In biogeographical terms, the area is located in
the contact zone between the dry forests and mountainous fields
(rupestral fields or campos rupestres) of the Espinhaço ridge. The
preservation of such biomes is necessary to reduce impacts on natural
and man-made environments. For the identification of carbonate dry
forests, the authors used Landsat 5 images with field control. The
methodology was adapted to be used in the tropical karst and is based on
the proposal by Kokalj and Oštir (2007) who identified through remote
sensing techniques different land uses (including deciduous forests) in
the Slovene “classical karst”.
Key words: Dry forests, Karst, Santo Hipólito, Monjolos.
RESUME
Le
but de ce travail est d’identifier et cartographier les “matas secas”
(Forêts Saisonnières Caducifoliées) associées aux roches carbonatées du
Groupe Bambuí, dans, le karst de Santo Hipólito et Monjolos –
Minas Gerais. Le terrain de recherche se situe dans la Dépression
Périphérique du São Francisco, proche de la borde occidentale de la
Chaîne de l’Espinhaço. Les “forêts sèches” carbonatées se trouvent en
général sur les interfluves du paysage et son importance dans les
écossystèmes karstiques est associée aux zones de recharge e aussi à
l’environnement endokarstique (c’est-à-dire, des cavernes). Elles ont,
donc, un rôle fondamental dans les systèmes karstiques. L’importance de
l’étude de la région est aussi dans l’histoire, vu que elle a reçu, au
XIXe siècle, la visite du grand chercheur danois Peter W. Lund. En ce
qui concerne la biogéographie, cette région se situe dans l’aire
de contact entre les “matas secas” et les champs rupestres de
l’Espinhaço, c’est-à-dire dans le biome du Cerrado. La préservation est
nécessaire pour reduire les impacts sur les environnements naturel et
humain. Dans l’identification des “matas secas” carbonateés, on a
utilisé des images satéllitaires Landsat 5 et, naturellement, des
contrôles sur le terrain. La méthode employée a été adaptée aux
conditions du karst tropical à partir de la proposition de Kokalj et
Oštir (2007), qui ont indentifié, par télédetection, plusieurs types
d’utilisation du sol (y compris les forêts caducifoliées) dans le karst
classique de la Slovénie.
Mots clés: Matas Secas, Karst, Santo Hipólito, Monjolos.
DOI:
Keywords
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant MERCATOR the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to sign additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., publish in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Free Access).
- Authors are responsible for the content of the manuscript published in the journal.
