POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA A AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR: o PAA e o PNPB (Public Policy for Agriculture Family: the PAA and PNPB)
Abstract
As políticas públicas para a Agricultura
Familiar, enquanto estratégia para o desenvolvimento do capitalismo no
campo brasileiro, promovem tensões e conflitos para as famílias que as
utilizam. Pautam-se em programas, ações e estratégias com o intuito de
inserir as famílias nas cadeias produtivas, tornando-as adequadas ao
sistema de mercado. Ao mesmo tempo em que essas políticas públicas negam
a racionalidade camponesa, ocultam questões estruturais do campo, como a
necessidade da reforma agrária, a exploração e expropriação da renda e
os conflitos (re)existentes. Para tratar e analisar tais questões, com
destaque para os conflitos que permeiam a relação entre políticas
públicas e famílias camponesas, foram analisados os processos de
implantação do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos da Agricultura
Familiar (PAA) e do Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel
(PNPB) em assentamentos rurais nos municípios de Jataí e Perolândia, na
microrregião Sudoeste de Goiás. Os dados apresentados e discutidos
compõem uma pesquisa vinculada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia
da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Jataí, desde 2010.
Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas, Assentamentos Rurais, Campesinato, Agricultura Familiar.
ABSTRACT
The
public policy for Family Agriculture, as a strategy of capitalist
development in Brazilian countryside promotes tensions and conflicts to
the families that make use of them. This policy is based on programs,
actions and strategies that aim to insert the families in the production
process, making them suitable to the market system. At the same time it
denies the peasant rationality, it hides structural issues of the
field, such as the need for land reform, exploitation and expropriation
of the wealth and conflicts (re)existents. In order to handle and
analyze such issues, highlighting the conflicts surrounding the relation
between public policy and peasant families, it was analyzed the
processes of implementation of the Production and Use of Biodiesel
National Program (PNPB) and the Acquisition of Food from Familiar
Agriculture Program (PAA), in rural settlements in Jataí and Perolândia,
in the Southwest area of Goiás. The data presented and discussed make
up a larger research bounded to the Graduation Program in Geography from
Goiás Federal University, Campus Jataí, since 2010.
Key words: Public Policy, Rural Settlements, Peasant, Familiar Agriculture.
RÉSUMÉ
La
politique publique pour l’Agriculture Familiale en tant que stratégie
du développement du capitalisme, dans la campagne brésilienne amène à
des tensions et des conflits les familles bénéficiaires. Cette politique
est basée dans des programmes, actions et stratégies avec le but
d’insérer les familles dans le processus productif, devenant ainsi mieux
adaptées au système du marché. En même temps qu’elle nie la rationalité
paysanne, elle cache des questions structurelles de la campagne,
comme le besoin de reforme agraire, l’exploration, l’expropriation
de la rente et les conflits (à nouveau) existants. Pour traiter et
analyser ces questions, mettant en valeur les conflits qui se tissent
dans la relation entre politiques publiques et familles paysannes,
furent analysés les processus d’implantation du Programme National de
Production et Utilisation de Biocarburant (PNPB) et le Programme
d’Acquisition d’Aliments de l’Agriculture Familiale (PAA), dans des
établissements ruraux de la réforme agraire dans les villes de Jataí et
Perolândia, dans la microrégion du sud-ouest de Goiás. Les données
présentées et discutées composent une recherche plus grande, liée au
programme de Post-graduation en Géographie de l’Université Fédérale de
Goiás depuis 2010.
Mots-clés: Politique Publique, Réforme Agraire, Agriculture Paysanne, Agriculture Familiale.
DOI: 10.4215/RM2013.1227.0006
Keywords
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